Kodi mukudziwa kuti ndi mitundu ingati ya njanji zowongolera zomwe zili m'malo opangira makina a CNC?

"Kufotokozera Mwatsatanetsatane Mitundu Yasitima Yapamtunda ya CNC Machining Centers"

1. Linear Motion Guide Rail
   Sitima yapanjanji yoyenda ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri m'malo opangira makina. Imatsogolera magawo osuntha kuti aziyenda ndendende mu mzere wowongoka. Ma Linear motion guide njanji ali ndi ubwino wamapangidwe osavuta, kupanga kosavuta, komanso chitsimikizo chosavuta cha kulondola. Pa mzere uliwonse wa malo opangira makina, monga X-axis, Y-axis, ndi Z-axis, njanji zoyenda zoyenda nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
   Kulondola ndi magwiridwe antchito a mzere wowongolera njanji zimatengera zinthu, njira zopangira, komanso kuyika kolondola kwa njanji zowongolera. Njanji zapamwamba zowongolera zowongolera zimatha kutsimikizira kulondola kosasunthika komanso kudalirika kwa malo opangira makina pansi pakuyenda kothamanga kwambiri komanso kulemedwa kwakukulu.
2. Circular Motion Guide Rail
   Njanji zowongolera zozungulira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamiyendo yozungulira ya malo opangira makina kapena zida zomwe zimafunikira kuyenda mozungulira. Mapangidwe ndi kupanga njanji zoyenda mozungulira ndizovuta, ndipo zinthu monga mphamvu yapakati ndi kukangana ziyenera kuganiziridwa chifukwa cha kusuntha kozungulira.
   Njanji zowongolera zozungulira zozungulira nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mipira yolondola kwambiri kapena zodzigudubuza kuti zitsimikizire kusalala komanso kulondola kwamayendedwe ozungulira. M'malo ena opangira makina olondola kwambiri, njanji za hydrostatic circular motion guide zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kulondola ndi kukhazikika kwa shaft yozungulira.

1. Main Motion Guide Rail
   Waukulu zoyenda kalozera njanji ndi kalozera njanji udindo kuzindikira zoyenda waukulu wa chida kapena workpiece pakati Machining. Kulondola komanso magwiridwe antchito a njanji yayikulu yolondolera kumakhudza kwambiri kulondola kwa makina komanso kuchita bwino kwa malo opangira makina.
   M'malo opangira makina, njanji zowongolera zolondola kwambiri kapena njanji zowongolera ma hydrostatic nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njanji zazikulu zoyenda. Njanji zowongolerazi zili ndi mawonekedwe monga kuthamanga kwambiri, kulondola kwambiri, komanso kulimba kwambiri, ndipo zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamalo opangira makina pansi pamikhalidwe yodula kwambiri komanso yolemetsa.
2. Feed Motion Guide Rail
   Sitima yapamtunda yowongolera ndi njanji yowongolera yomwe ili ndi udindo wozindikira kusuntha kwa chida kapena chida chogwirira ntchito pamalo opangira makina. Kulondola ndi kukhazikika kwa njanji yoyendetsera kalozera wa chakudya kumakhudza mwachindunji kulondola kwa makina ndi mtundu wapamtunda wa malo opangira makina.
   Nthawi zambiri njanji zowongolera zoyenda zimagwiritsa ntchito njanji zotsetsereka, zowongolera, kapena njanji zowongolera ma hydrostatic. Pakati pawo, njanji zowongolera ndi njanji zowongolera za hydrostatic zimakhala zolondola komanso zokhazikika ndipo ndizoyenera malo opangira makina apamwamba kwambiri; pomwe njanji zotsogola zili ndi maubwino osavuta komanso otsika mtengo ndipo ndizoyenera malo ena opangira makina apakatikati komanso otsika.
3. Sitima Yowongolera Yowongolera
   Sitima yowongolera yowongolera ndi njanji yowongolera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa makina kuti asinthe malo a chida kapena workpiece. Kulondola komanso kusinthasintha kwa njanji yowongolera zowongolera kumakhudza kwambiri kulondola kwa makina komanso kusavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kwa malo opangira makina.
   Zowongolera zowongolera nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito njanji zotsetsereka kapena zowongolera. Njanji zowongolerazi zimakhala ndi kagawo kakang'ono komanso kulondola kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuzindikira kusintha kwabwino kwa chida kapena chogwirira ntchito.

1. Sliding Guide Rail
   (1) Traditional Sliding Guide Rail
   Chitsulo chachitsulo choponyedwa chachikhalidwe ndi zitsulo zozimitsira zitsulo zopangira zitsulo zimakhala ndi ubwino wa kapangidwe kake, kupanga kosavuta, kukhazikika kwabwino, komanso kukana kugwedezeka kwakukulu. Komabe, njanji yamtundu uwu imakhala ndi zovuta zake zamtundu waukulu wa static friction coefficient ndi dynamic friction coefficient yomwe imasintha ndi liwiro, zomwe zimapangitsa kutayika kwakukulu. Pakuthamanga kochepa (1-60 mm / min), zochitika zokwawa zimakhala zosavuta kuchitika, motero kuchepetsa kulondola kwa malo osuntha. Chifukwa chake, kupatula zida zamakina a CNC azachuma, njanji zotsogola zachikhalidwe sizigwiritsidwanso ntchito pazida zina zamakina a CNC.
   (2) Plastic-Clad Sliding Guide Rail
   Pakalipano, zida zambiri zamakina a CNC zimagwiritsa ntchito njanji zopangira pulasitiki, ndiye kuti, lamba wofewa wa pulasitiki wopangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi zinthu zina zamakina amamangika pamwamba pa mikangano ya njanji yoyenda. Mapulasitiki owongolera njanji amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: lamba wowongolera njanji ya Teflon ndi lamba wa njanji ya epoxy kuvala-resistant.
   Njanji zokhota za pulasitiki zili ndi izi:
   • Makhalidwe abwino amakangana: Lamba wofewa wa filimu ya pulasitiki wa njanji yovala pulasitiki yokhala ndi mikangano yocheperako, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa kukana kwa magawo osuntha ndikuwongolera kuyenda bwino.
   • Kukana kuvala kwabwino: Lamba wofewa wa pulasitiki amakhala ndi kukana kwabwino ndipo amatha kuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa njanji yowongolera.
   • Kusuntha kosasunthika: Chigawo cha mikangano cha njanji yowongolera pulasitiki ndi yokhazikika ndipo sichisintha ndi liwiro. Choncho, kayendetsedwe kake kamakhala kokhazikika ndipo zochitika zokwawa sizosavuta kuchitika.
   • Kugwedera kwabwino: Lamba wofewa wa pulasitiki amakhala ndi kukhazikika kwina ndipo amatha kuyamwa kugwedezeka kwa magawo osuntha ndikuwongolera kulondola kwa makina apakati.
   • Kupanga kwabwino: Njira yopangira njanji zopangira pulasitiki ndi zophweka, zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kuziyika ndi kukonza.
2. Sitima Yoyenda Yoyenda
   (1) Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito
   Njanji zogudubuza zimayika zinthu zogudubuza monga mipira, zodzigudubuza, ndi singano pakati pa njanjiyo kuti asandutse mikangano yotsetsereka pakati pa njanjiyo kuti ikhale yogundana. Njira yokanganayi imachepetsa kwambiri kukana kukangana ndikuwongolera kukhudzidwa ndi kulondola kwakuyenda.
   (2) Ubwino
   • Kumverera kwakukulu: Kusiyanitsa pakati pa chigawo cha friction coefficient ndi static friction coefficient of rolling guide njanji ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, kotero kusuntha kumakhala kokhazikika ndipo zochitika zokwawa sizili zophweka kuti zichitike pamene zikuyenda mofulumira.
   • Kulondola kwa malo apamwamba: Kubwereza kobwerezabwereza kwa njanji zowongolera kumatha kufika 0.2 um, zomwe zingakwaniritse zofunikira za malo opangira makina olondola kwambiri.
   • Kukana kukangana kwakung'ono: Magawo ogubuduza a zinthu zogudubuza ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa ma sliding friction coefficient, kupangitsa kuyenda kwa magawo osuntha kukhala opepuka ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyendetsa.
   • Zovala zazing'ono, kusungika bwino, komanso moyo wautali wautumiki: Malo olumikizirana pakati pa zinthu zogudubuza ndi malo owongolera njanji ndi ochepa, osavala pang'ono ndipo amatha kukhala olondola kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali.
     (3) Zoipa
     Ma njanji owongolera amakhala ndi vuto losagwedezeka komanso chitetezo chokwanira. Pa ndondomeko Machining, kugwedera zidzakhudza kulondola kayendedwe ka anagubuduza zinthu, potero kuchepetsa Machining molondola wa pakati Machining. Kuphatikiza apo, njanji zowongolera zimafunikira njira zabwino zotetezera kuti fumbi, tchipisi ndi zonyansa zina zisalowe pamwamba pa njanji yowongolera ndikuwononga zinthu zogubuduza ndi njanji zowongolera.
     (4) Nthawi Zofunsira
     Njanji zowongolera ndi zoyenera makamaka pazochitika zomwe zida zogwirira ntchito zamakina zimafunikira kusuntha kofanana, kusuntha kovutirapo, komanso kulondola kwamayendedwe apamwamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake njanji zowongolera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zida zamakina a CNC.
3. Sitima ya Hydrostatic Guide
   (1) Liquid Hydrostatic Guide Rail
   • Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito
     Pali chipinda chamafuta pakati pa njanji ziwiri zowongolera njanji yamadzimadzi amadzimadzi a hydrostatic. Pambuyo poyambitsa mafuta odzola ndi kukakamiza kwina, filimu yamafuta a hydrostatic imatha kupangidwa, ndikupanga njanji yowongolera kuti ikhale yosakanikirana bwino popanda kuvala komanso kusungidwa bwino.
   • Ubwino wake
     • Kulondola kwakukulu: Ma njanji owongolera amadzimadzi amadzimadzi atha kupereka zolondola kwambiri ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina opangira makinawo ali olondola kwambiri poyenda mothamanga kwambiri komanso kulemedwa kwakukulu.
     • Low friction coefficient: Kukangana koyera kwamadzimadzi kumapangitsa kuti mikangano ikhale yotsika kwambiri, kumachepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyendetsa.
     • Palibe kukwawa pa liwiro lotsika: Ngakhale pa liwiro lotsika, njanji zamadzimadzi za hydrostatic kalozera siziwonetsa zochitika zokwawa, kuwonetsetsa kuyenda bwino.
     • Large kunyamula mphamvu ndi kusasunthika wabwino: The hydrostatic mafuta filimu akhoza kupirira katundu waukulu, kuwongolera kunyamula mphamvu ndi kuuma kwa pakati Machining.
     • Mafuta ali ndi mphamvu yoyamwitsa ndi kugwedezeka kwabwino: Mafuta amatha kuyamwa kugwedezeka ndikuchepetsa kugwedezeka pakupanga makina olondola.
   • Zoipa
     Mapangidwe a njanji zamadzimadzi a hydrostatic guide ndizovuta, zomwe zimafuna njira yoperekera mafuta, ndipo ukhondo wamafuta umayenera kukhala wapamwamba. Izi zimawonjezera mtengo wopangira ndi kukonza.
   • Gulu
     Liquid hydrostatic kalozera njanji kwa malo Machining akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: lotseguka mtundu ndi otsekedwa mtundu. Chipinda chamafuta cha njanji yotseguka yamadzimadzi a hydrostatic chikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi dziko lakunja, ndi dongosolo losavuta koma limakonda kuipitsa kunja; Chipinda chamafuta cha njanji yotsekedwa ya hydrostatic guide njanji chimatsekedwa, ndipo mafutawo amapangidwanso kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito, ndi ukhondo wapamwamba koma mawonekedwe ovuta.
     (2) Gasi Hydrostatic Guide Rail
   • Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito
     Pambuyo poyambitsa mpweya ndi kuthamanga kwina pakati pa njanji ziwiri zoyendetsera njanji ya air hydrostatic kalozera njanji, filimu ya hydrostatic mpweya imatha kupangidwa, kupanga mawonekedwe awiri owongolera njanji ya makina okhomerera a CNC olekanitsidwa kuti azitha kuyenda bwino kwambiri.
   • Ubwino wake
     • Kugundana kwakung'ono: Coefficient ya friction ya gasi ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyenda kwa magawo osuntha kukhala opepuka.
     • Sizosavuta kuyambitsa kutentha ndi kusinthika: Chifukwa cha kagawo kakang'ono kakukangana, kutentha kochepa kumapangidwa ndipo sikophweka kuyambitsa kutentha ndi kusinthika kwa njanji yowongolera.
   • Zoipa
     • Kunyamulira kwakung'ono: Mphamvu yonyamulira njanji za gasi hydrostatic kalozera ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi katundu wochepa.
     • Kusinthasintha kwa mpweya kumakhudza kulondola: Kusinthasintha kwa mpweya kumayambitsa kusintha kwa filimu ya mpweya, motero kumakhudza kulondola kwa njanji yowongolera.
     • Kupewa fumbi kuyenera kudziwidwa: Fumbi lomwe limagwera panjanji yowongolera njanji imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa njanji, motero njira zopewera fumbi ziyenera kuchitidwa.