"Kukhathamiritsa kwa Spindle Gear Noise Control mu Phokoso Njira Yochizira ya CNC Machine Tool Spindle"
Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina a CNC, vuto la phokoso la ma spindle gear nthawi zambiri limavutitsa ogwira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza. Pofuna kuchepetsa phokoso la zida za spindle ndikuwongolera kulondola kwa makina ndi kukhazikika kwa chida cha makina, tiyenera kukulitsa kwambiri njira yoyendetsera phokoso la zida za spindle.
I. Zomwe zimayambitsa phokoso la spindle gear mu CNC makina zida
Mbadwo wa phokoso la gear ndi zotsatira za kuphatikizika kwa zinthu zambiri. Kumbali imodzi, kutengera zolakwika za mbiri ya dzino ndi phula kumapangitsa kuti mano a giya asungunuke apangidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kugundana kwakanthawi komanso kukhudzidwa pomwe ma giya amalumikizana. Kumbali inayi, zolakwika pakukonza ndi kusauka kwa nthawi yayitali zingayambitsenso zolakwika za mbiri ya dzino, zomwe zimapangitsa phokoso. Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha pakati pa mtunda wapakati wa ma meshing magiya kumayambitsa kusintha kwa ngodya yokakamiza. Ngati mtunda wapakati umasintha nthawi ndi nthawi, phokoso lidzawonjezekanso nthawi ndi nthawi. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mafuta opaka mafuta, monga kuthira mafuta osakwanira kapena kusokoneza phokoso lamafuta, kungayambitsenso phokoso.
Mbadwo wa phokoso la gear ndi zotsatira za kuphatikizika kwa zinthu zambiri. Kumbali imodzi, kutengera zolakwika za mbiri ya dzino ndi phula kumapangitsa kuti mano a giya asungunuke apangidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kugundana kwakanthawi komanso kukhudzidwa pomwe ma giya amalumikizana. Kumbali inayi, zolakwika pakukonza ndi kusauka kwa nthawi yayitali zingayambitsenso zolakwika za mbiri ya dzino, zomwe zimapangitsa phokoso. Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha pakati pa mtunda wapakati wa ma meshing magiya kumayambitsa kusintha kwa ngodya yokakamiza. Ngati mtunda wapakati umasintha nthawi ndi nthawi, phokoso lidzawonjezekanso nthawi ndi nthawi. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mafuta opaka mafuta, monga kuthira mafuta osakwanira kapena kusokoneza phokoso lamafuta, kungayambitsenso phokoso.
II. Njira zenizeni zokwaniritsira kuwongolera phokoso la ma spindle gear
Kuchulukitsa chamfering
Mfundo ndi cholinga: Topping chamfering ndikuwongolera kupindika kwa mano ndikubwezera zolakwika za zida, kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa ma meshing komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha nsonga zamano opindika ndi ma convex pomwe ma giya amatsuka, ndikuchepetsa phokoso. Kuchuluka kwa ma chamfering kumatengera kulakwitsa kwa phula, kuchuluka kwa kupindika kwa giya pambuyo pokweza, ndi komwe kumapindika.
Njira ya Chamfering: Choyamba, yambitsani magiya omwe ali ndi ma frequency okwera kwambiri pazida zamakina opanda vuto, ndikutengera kuchuluka kwa ma chamfering molingana ndi ma module osiyanasiyana (3, 4, ndi 5 millimeters). Panthawi ya chamfering, yesetsani kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chamfering ndikuzindikira kuchuluka koyenera kwa chamfering kudzera m'mayesero angapo kuti mupewe kuchuluka kwamphamvu komwe kumawononga mbiri yadzino yothandiza kapena kuchuluka kwachamfering komwe kumalephera kusewera. Pochita kugwedeza dzino, pamwamba pa dzino kapena mizu yokhayo imatha kukonzedwa molingana ndi momwe zida zilili. Pamene zotsatira za kukonza kokha dzino pamwamba kapena muzu wa dzino sizili bwino, ndiye ganizirani kukonza dzino pamwamba ndi muzu wa dzino palimodzi. Ma radial ndi axial a kuchuluka kwa chamfering amatha kuperekedwa ku giya imodzi kapena magiya awiri malinga ndi momwe zilili.
Sinthani zolakwika za mbiri ya dzino
Kusanthula kolakwika kwa gwero: Zolakwika za mbiri ya mano zimapangidwa makamaka panthawi yokonza, ndipo chachiwiri chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito kwanthawi yayitali. Magiya okhala ndi ma concave tooth profiles atha kukhudzidwa kawiri pa meshing imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phokoso lalikulu, ndipo mawonekedwe a dzino akamapindika kwambiri, phokoso limakulirakulira.
Njira zokwaniritsira: Sinthaninso mano a giya kuti akhale opindika pang'ono kuti achepetse phokoso. Kupyolera mu kukonza bwino ndikusintha magiya, chepetsani zolakwika za mbiri ya mano momwe mungathere ndikuwongolera kulondola ndi kuwongolera kwa magiya.
Sinthani kusintha kwapakati pa mtunda wa ma meshing gear
Makina opangira phokoso: Kusintha kwa mtunda weniweni wapakati wa ma meshing magiya kumabweretsa kusintha kwa ngodya yokakamiza. Ngati mtunda wapakati umasintha nthawi ndi nthawi, mphamvu yokakamiza idzasinthanso nthawi ndi nthawi, motero phokoso likuwonjezeka nthawi ndi nthawi.
Njira yowongolera: Kuzungulira kwakunja kwa giya, kusinthika kwa shaft yotumizira, komanso kukwanira pakati pa shaft yotumizira, zida ndi zonyamula zonse ziyenera kuyendetsedwa pamalo abwino. Pakukhazikitsa ndi kukonza zolakwika, gwirani ntchito molingana ndi zofunikira zamapangidwe kuti muwonetsetse kuti mtunda wapakati wa ma meshing gear umakhalabe wokhazikika. Kupyolera mu kukonza molondola ndi kusonkhanitsa, yesetsani kuthetsa phokoso lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mtunda wapakati wa meshing.
Konzani kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opaka
Ntchito yamafuta opaka mafuta: Kupaka mafuta ndikuziziritsa, mafuta opaka mafuta amakhalanso ndi gawo lina lochepetsetsa. Phokoso limachepa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi kukhuthala. Kusunga filimu yamafuta ena pamwamba pa dzino kungapewe kukhudzana kwachindunji pakati pa malo opangira mano, kufooketsa mphamvu yakugwedezeka ndikuchepetsa phokoso.
Njira yokwaniritsira: Kusankha mafuta okhala ndi viscosity yayikulu ndikothandiza kuchepetsa phokoso, koma samalani ndikuwongolera phokoso lazosokoneza lamafuta lomwe limadza chifukwa cha mafuta otsekemera. Konzaninso chitoliro chilichonse chamafuta kuti mafuta opaka mafuta alowerere mu giya iliyonse moyenera momwe mungathere kuti phokoso likhale lopangidwa chifukwa chamafuta osakwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoperekera mafuta kumbali ya meshing sikungangogwira ntchito yozizirira komanso kupanga filimu yamafuta pamano musanalowe m'dera la meshing. Ngati mafuta otsekemera amatha kuwongoleredwa kuti alowe m'dera la meshing pang'ono, mphamvu yochepetsera phokoso idzakhala yabwinoko.
Kuchulukitsa chamfering
Mfundo ndi cholinga: Topping chamfering ndikuwongolera kupindika kwa mano ndikubwezera zolakwika za zida, kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa ma meshing komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha nsonga zamano opindika ndi ma convex pomwe ma giya amatsuka, ndikuchepetsa phokoso. Kuchuluka kwa ma chamfering kumatengera kulakwitsa kwa phula, kuchuluka kwa kupindika kwa giya pambuyo pokweza, ndi komwe kumapindika.
Njira ya Chamfering: Choyamba, yambitsani magiya omwe ali ndi ma frequency okwera kwambiri pazida zamakina opanda vuto, ndikutengera kuchuluka kwa ma chamfering molingana ndi ma module osiyanasiyana (3, 4, ndi 5 millimeters). Panthawi ya chamfering, yesetsani kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chamfering ndikuzindikira kuchuluka koyenera kwa chamfering kudzera m'mayesero angapo kuti mupewe kuchuluka kwamphamvu komwe kumawononga mbiri yadzino yothandiza kapena kuchuluka kwachamfering komwe kumalephera kusewera. Pochita kugwedeza dzino, pamwamba pa dzino kapena mizu yokhayo imatha kukonzedwa molingana ndi momwe zida zilili. Pamene zotsatira za kukonza kokha dzino pamwamba kapena muzu wa dzino sizili bwino, ndiye ganizirani kukonza dzino pamwamba ndi muzu wa dzino palimodzi. Ma radial ndi axial a kuchuluka kwa chamfering amatha kuperekedwa ku giya imodzi kapena magiya awiri malinga ndi momwe zilili.
Sinthani zolakwika za mbiri ya dzino
Kusanthula kolakwika kwa gwero: Zolakwika za mbiri ya mano zimapangidwa makamaka panthawi yokonza, ndipo chachiwiri chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito kwanthawi yayitali. Magiya okhala ndi ma concave tooth profiles atha kukhudzidwa kawiri pa meshing imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phokoso lalikulu, ndipo mawonekedwe a dzino akamapindika kwambiri, phokoso limakulirakulira.
Njira zokwaniritsira: Sinthaninso mano a giya kuti akhale opindika pang'ono kuti achepetse phokoso. Kupyolera mu kukonza bwino ndikusintha magiya, chepetsani zolakwika za mbiri ya mano momwe mungathere ndikuwongolera kulondola ndi kuwongolera kwa magiya.
Sinthani kusintha kwapakati pa mtunda wa ma meshing gear
Makina opangira phokoso: Kusintha kwa mtunda weniweni wapakati wa ma meshing magiya kumabweretsa kusintha kwa ngodya yokakamiza. Ngati mtunda wapakati umasintha nthawi ndi nthawi, mphamvu yokakamiza idzasinthanso nthawi ndi nthawi, motero phokoso likuwonjezeka nthawi ndi nthawi.
Njira yowongolera: Kuzungulira kwakunja kwa giya, kusinthika kwa shaft yotumizira, komanso kukwanira pakati pa shaft yotumizira, zida ndi zonyamula zonse ziyenera kuyendetsedwa pamalo abwino. Pakukhazikitsa ndi kukonza zolakwika, gwirani ntchito molingana ndi zofunikira zamapangidwe kuti muwonetsetse kuti mtunda wapakati wa ma meshing gear umakhalabe wokhazikika. Kupyolera mu kukonza molondola ndi kusonkhanitsa, yesetsani kuthetsa phokoso lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mtunda wapakati wa meshing.
Konzani kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opaka
Ntchito yamafuta opaka mafuta: Kupaka mafuta ndikuziziritsa, mafuta opaka mafuta amakhalanso ndi gawo lina lochepetsetsa. Phokoso limachepa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi kukhuthala. Kusunga filimu yamafuta ena pamwamba pa dzino kungapewe kukhudzana kwachindunji pakati pa malo opangira mano, kufooketsa mphamvu yakugwedezeka ndikuchepetsa phokoso.
Njira yokwaniritsira: Kusankha mafuta okhala ndi viscosity yayikulu ndikothandiza kuchepetsa phokoso, koma samalani ndikuwongolera phokoso lazosokoneza lamafuta lomwe limadza chifukwa cha mafuta otsekemera. Konzaninso chitoliro chilichonse chamafuta kuti mafuta opaka mafuta alowerere mu giya iliyonse moyenera momwe mungathere kuti phokoso likhale lopangidwa chifukwa chamafuta osakwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoperekera mafuta kumbali ya meshing sikungangogwira ntchito yozizirira komanso kupanga filimu yamafuta pamano musanalowe m'dera la meshing. Ngati mafuta otsekemera amatha kuwongoleredwa kuti alowe m'dera la meshing pang'ono, mphamvu yochepetsera phokoso idzakhala yabwinoko.
III. Kusamala pakukhazikitsa njira zokwaniritsira
Muyezo wolondola ndi kusanthula: Musanapange mano apamwamba, kuwongolera zolakwika za mbiri ya mano ndikusintha mtunda wapakati wa ma meshing magiya, ndikofunikira kuyeza molondola ndikusanthula magiya kuti muwone momwe zinthu zilili komanso kukopa zolakwika kuti mupange ziwembu zomwe mukufuna kukhathamiritsa.
Ukadaulo waukadaulo ndi zida: Kuwongolera phokoso la ma spindle gear kumafuna luso laukadaulo ndi zida zothandizira. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chochuluka komanso chidziwitso chaukadaulo ndikutha kugwiritsa ntchito mwaluso zida zoyezera ndi zida zosinthira kuti awonetsetse kuti njira zokwaniritsira zikwaniritsidwa.
Kusamalira ndi kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse: Kuti mukhalebe ndi kayendetsedwe kabwino ka giya la spindle ndikuchepetsa phokoso, ndikofunikira kusamalira ndikuwunika chida cha makina nthawi zonse. Zindikirani munthawi yake ndikuthana ndi zovuta monga kuvala kwa zida ndi mapindidwe, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mafuta opaka mafuta okwanira amakwanira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera.
Kuwongolera kosalekeza ndi luso: Ndikukula kosalekeza ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, tiyenera kuyang'anira mosalekeza njira zatsopano zochepetsera phokoso ndi matekinoloje, kuwongolera mosalekeza ndikupanga njira zowongolera phokoso la ma spindle gear, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi mtundu wa zida zamakina.
Muyezo wolondola ndi kusanthula: Musanapange mano apamwamba, kuwongolera zolakwika za mbiri ya mano ndikusintha mtunda wapakati wa ma meshing magiya, ndikofunikira kuyeza molondola ndikusanthula magiya kuti muwone momwe zinthu zilili komanso kukopa zolakwika kuti mupange ziwembu zomwe mukufuna kukhathamiritsa.
Ukadaulo waukadaulo ndi zida: Kuwongolera phokoso la ma spindle gear kumafuna luso laukadaulo ndi zida zothandizira. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chochuluka komanso chidziwitso chaukadaulo ndikutha kugwiritsa ntchito mwaluso zida zoyezera ndi zida zosinthira kuti awonetsetse kuti njira zokwaniritsira zikwaniritsidwa.
Kusamalira ndi kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse: Kuti mukhalebe ndi kayendetsedwe kabwino ka giya la spindle ndikuchepetsa phokoso, ndikofunikira kusamalira ndikuwunika chida cha makina nthawi zonse. Zindikirani munthawi yake ndikuthana ndi zovuta monga kuvala kwa zida ndi mapindidwe, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mafuta opaka mafuta okwanira amakwanira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera.
Kuwongolera kosalekeza ndi luso: Ndikukula kosalekeza ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, tiyenera kuyang'anira mosalekeza njira zatsopano zochepetsera phokoso ndi matekinoloje, kuwongolera mosalekeza ndikupanga njira zowongolera phokoso la ma spindle gear, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi mtundu wa zida zamakina.
Pomaliza, kudzera kukhathamiritsa kwa njira yowongolera phokoso ya zida zopota za makina a CNC, phokoso la zida za spindle zitha kuchepetsedwa bwino komanso kulondola kwa makina ndi kukhazikika kwa chida cha makina kumatha kuwongolera. Pokhazikitsa njira zokwaniritsira, zinthu zosiyanasiyana ziyenera kuganiziridwa mozama ndipo njira zasayansi ndi zomveka ziyenera kutsatiridwa kuti zitsimikizire kukwaniritsidwa kwa kukhathamiritsa. Nthawi yomweyo, tiyenera kupitiliza kufufuza ndi kupanga zatsopano kuti tipereke chithandizo chaukadaulo chothandizira pakupanga zida zamakina a CNC.