Kusanthula Mwakuya kwa Lubrication System of Vertical Machining Centers
I. Chiyambi
Pakupanga kwamakono, malo opangira makina oyimirira, monga mtundu wofunikira wa zida zamakina, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makina ake opaka mafuta kumakhala ndi zotsatira zosagwirizana pakutsimikizira kulondola, kukhazikika, komanso moyo wautumiki wa chida cha makina. Nkhaniyi ifufuza mozama mumayendedwe opaka mafuta a malo oyimirira makina kuti akuwululireni zinsinsi zake.
Pakupanga kwamakono, malo opangira makina oyimirira, monga mtundu wofunikira wa zida zamakina, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makina ake opaka mafuta kumakhala ndi zotsatira zosagwirizana pakutsimikizira kulondola, kukhazikika, komanso moyo wautumiki wa chida cha makina. Nkhaniyi ifufuza mozama mumayendedwe opaka mafuta a malo oyimirira makina kuti akuwululireni zinsinsi zake.
II. Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ya Lubrication System of Vertical Machining Centers
Dongosolo lopaka mafuta la malo opangira makina osunthika ndizovuta komanso zolondola. Imagwiritsira ntchito mwanzeru kayendedwe ka mpweya woponderezedwa mkati mwa payipi kuti mafuta opaka mafuta aziyenda mosalekeza m'kati mwa khoma la m'paipi. Panthawiyi, mafuta ndi gasi zimasakanizidwa bwino ndikuperekedwa kugawo la spindle, lead screw, ndi mbali zina zazikulu za makina opangira makina omwe amafunikira mafuta.
Mwachitsanzo, pa kasinthasintha wa spindle, mafuta odzola ndi gasi amatha kugawidwa mofanana pamwamba pa chotengeracho, kupanga filimu yopyapyala yamafuta, potero kuchepetsa kukangana ndi kuvala, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa kutentha, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti spindle ikugwira ntchito mofulumira komanso yolondola kwambiri.
Dongosolo lopaka mafuta la malo opangira makina osunthika ndizovuta komanso zolondola. Imagwiritsira ntchito mwanzeru kayendedwe ka mpweya woponderezedwa mkati mwa payipi kuti mafuta opaka mafuta aziyenda mosalekeza m'kati mwa khoma la m'paipi. Panthawiyi, mafuta ndi gasi zimasakanizidwa bwino ndikuperekedwa kugawo la spindle, lead screw, ndi mbali zina zazikulu za makina opangira makina omwe amafunikira mafuta.
Mwachitsanzo, pa kasinthasintha wa spindle, mafuta odzola ndi gasi amatha kugawidwa mofanana pamwamba pa chotengeracho, kupanga filimu yopyapyala yamafuta, potero kuchepetsa kukangana ndi kuvala, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa kutentha, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti spindle ikugwira ntchito mofulumira komanso yolondola kwambiri.
III. Kufanana ndi Kusiyana Pakati pa Kupaka Mafuta ndi Gasi ndi Kupaka Mafuta-Mist mu Vertical Machining Centers
(A) Zofanana
Cholinga chokhazikika: Kaya ndi mafuta opaka gasi kapena mafuta opangira mafuta, cholinga chachikulu ndikupereka mafuta ofunikira pazigawo zazikulu zosunthika za makina osunthika, kuchepetsa mikangano ndi kuvala, ndikukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa zida.
Zigawo zofananira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zozungulira kwambiri, monga spindle ndi lead screw, kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zokometsera kwambiri za zigawozi.
(A) Zofanana
Cholinga chokhazikika: Kaya ndi mafuta opaka gasi kapena mafuta opangira mafuta, cholinga chachikulu ndikupereka mafuta ofunikira pazigawo zazikulu zosunthika za makina osunthika, kuchepetsa mikangano ndi kuvala, ndikukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa zida.
Zigawo zofananira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zozungulira kwambiri, monga spindle ndi lead screw, kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zokometsera kwambiri za zigawozi.
(B) Kusiyana
Njira zopangira mafuta ndi zotsatira zake
Kupaka mafuta opaka gasi: Kupaka mafuta a gasi kumalowetsa ndendende mafuta opaka pang'ono pamalo opaka mafuta. Kanema wamafuta opangidwa ndi ofanana komanso woonda, omwe amatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opaka mafuta ndikupewa kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa chamafuta opaka mafuta ochulukirapo pazida.
Kupaka mafuta m'mist: Kupaka mafuta kumapangitsa mafuta opaka kukhala tinthu ting'onoting'ono ndikuwapereka kumalo opaka mpweya. Komabe, njira imeneyi ingapangitse kuti mafuta ena opaka mafuta alephere kufika bwino pamalo opaka mafuta, kuchititsa zinyalala zina, ndipo nkhungu yamafuta imatha kufalikira m’malo ozungulira, kuchititsa kuipitsa chilengedwe.
Njira zopangira mafuta ndi zotsatira zake
Kupaka mafuta opaka gasi: Kupaka mafuta a gasi kumalowetsa ndendende mafuta opaka pang'ono pamalo opaka mafuta. Kanema wamafuta opangidwa ndi ofanana komanso woonda, omwe amatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opaka mafuta ndikupewa kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa chamafuta opaka mafuta ochulukirapo pazida.
Kupaka mafuta m'mist: Kupaka mafuta kumapangitsa mafuta opaka kukhala tinthu ting'onoting'ono ndikuwapereka kumalo opaka mpweya. Komabe, njira imeneyi ingapangitse kuti mafuta ena opaka mafuta alephere kufika bwino pamalo opaka mafuta, kuchititsa zinyalala zina, ndipo nkhungu yamafuta imatha kufalikira m’malo ozungulira, kuchititsa kuipitsa chilengedwe.
Kukhudza chilengedwe
Kupaka mafuta amafuta: Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamafuta opaka mafuta komanso jakisoni wolondola kwambiri pakupaka mafuta a gasi, kuipitsidwa kwa malo ozungulira kumakhala kochepa, komwe kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi zofunikira zamakono zoteteza chilengedwe.
Kupaka mafuta mumpweya: Kufalikira kwa nkhungu yamafuta mumlengalenga kumatha kuwononga mosavuta malo ogwirira ntchito ndipo kumatha kukhudza thanzi la ogwira ntchito.
Kupaka mafuta amafuta: Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamafuta opaka mafuta komanso jakisoni wolondola kwambiri pakupaka mafuta a gasi, kuipitsidwa kwa malo ozungulira kumakhala kochepa, komwe kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi zofunikira zamakono zoteteza chilengedwe.
Kupaka mafuta mumpweya: Kufalikira kwa nkhungu yamafuta mumlengalenga kumatha kuwononga mosavuta malo ogwirira ntchito ndipo kumatha kukhudza thanzi la ogwira ntchito.
Zovomerezeka zogwirira ntchito
Mafuta odzola gasi: Ndiwoyenera kugwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri, olemetsa kwambiri, komanso olondola kwambiri, makamaka pazigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi ukhondo wambiri, monga mayendedwe othamanga kwambiri a spindle, ndipo zimakhala ndi zokometsera zabwino kwambiri.
Kupaka mafuta pakhungu: M'malo ena ogwirira ntchito omwe ali ndi zofunikira zochepa kuti mafuta azikhala olondola komanso osati kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kunyamula katundu, mafuta opaka mafuta amatha kugwirabe ntchito.
Mafuta odzola gasi: Ndiwoyenera kugwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri, olemetsa kwambiri, komanso olondola kwambiri, makamaka pazigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi ukhondo wambiri, monga mayendedwe othamanga kwambiri a spindle, ndipo zimakhala ndi zokometsera zabwino kwambiri.
Kupaka mafuta pakhungu: M'malo ena ogwirira ntchito omwe ali ndi zofunikira zochepa kuti mafuta azikhala olondola komanso osati kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kunyamula katundu, mafuta opaka mafuta amatha kugwirabe ntchito.
IV. Tsatanetsatane wa Dongosolo la Mafuta a Vertical Machining Centers
(A) Kusankha Mafuta Opaka
Pamsika, pali mitundu yambiri yamafuta opaka mafuta okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kuonetsetsa kuti kondomu zotsatira ofukula Machining Center ndi ntchito bwinobwino zida, tiyenera kusankha mafuta mafuta ndi zosafunika zochepa ndi chiyero mkulu. Mafuta opaka mafuta apamwamba kwambiri amatha kupangitsa kuti mafuta aziyenda bwino panthawi yomwe chipangizocho chikugwira ntchito, kuchepetsa mikangano ndi kuvala, ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zida.
Mwachitsanzo, pazitsulo zozungulira zothamanga kwambiri, mafuta opaka mafuta omwe ali ndi machitidwe abwino oletsa kuvala ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwapamwamba ayenera kusankhidwa; pazigawo monga zomangira zotsogola, mafuta opaka mafuta okhala ndi zomatira bwino komanso anti-corrosion properties amafunikira.
(A) Kusankha Mafuta Opaka
Pamsika, pali mitundu yambiri yamafuta opaka mafuta okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kuonetsetsa kuti kondomu zotsatira ofukula Machining Center ndi ntchito bwinobwino zida, tiyenera kusankha mafuta mafuta ndi zosafunika zochepa ndi chiyero mkulu. Mafuta opaka mafuta apamwamba kwambiri amatha kupangitsa kuti mafuta aziyenda bwino panthawi yomwe chipangizocho chikugwira ntchito, kuchepetsa mikangano ndi kuvala, ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zida.
Mwachitsanzo, pazitsulo zozungulira zothamanga kwambiri, mafuta opaka mafuta omwe ali ndi machitidwe abwino oletsa kuvala ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwapamwamba ayenera kusankhidwa; pazigawo monga zomangira zotsogola, mafuta opaka mafuta okhala ndi zomatira bwino komanso anti-corrosion properties amafunikira.
(B) Kuyeretsa Nthawi Zonse Zosefera
Chida cha makina chikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, zonyansa zina ndi dothi zimawunjikana mkati mwa fyuluta. Ngati sichiyeretsedwa munthawi yake, fyulutayo imatha kutsekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta aziwonjezeka. Pansi pa mphamvu yamafuta amphamvu, chophimba cha fyuluta chikhoza kuphulika ndi kulephera, kulola zonyansa zosasefedwa kuti zilowe mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta ndikuwononga zida.
Chifukwa chake, kuyeretsa pafupipafupi kwa zosefera ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakusunga dongosolo lopaka mafuta m'malo opangira makina. Nthawi zambiri timalimbikitsa kupanga dongosolo loyeretsera zosefera potengera kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi malo ogwirira ntchito a zida, nthawi zambiri kumayeretsa nthawi iliyonse (monga miyezi 3 - 6).
Chida cha makina chikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, zonyansa zina ndi dothi zimawunjikana mkati mwa fyuluta. Ngati sichiyeretsedwa munthawi yake, fyulutayo imatha kutsekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta aziwonjezeka. Pansi pa mphamvu yamafuta amphamvu, chophimba cha fyuluta chikhoza kuphulika ndi kulephera, kulola zonyansa zosasefedwa kuti zilowe mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta ndikuwononga zida.
Chifukwa chake, kuyeretsa pafupipafupi kwa zosefera ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakusunga dongosolo lopaka mafuta m'malo opangira makina. Nthawi zambiri timalimbikitsa kupanga dongosolo loyeretsera zosefera potengera kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi malo ogwirira ntchito a zida, nthawi zambiri kumayeretsa nthawi iliyonse (monga miyezi 3 - 6).
(C) Kuyang'anira ndi Kusamalira Dongosolo la Mafuta
Kuonetsetsa kuti makina opangira mafuta akuyenda bwino, kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ndi kukonza nthawi zonse ndikofunikira. Pankhani yowunikira, masensa amatha kuyikidwa kuti azindikire magawo monga kuthamanga, kuthamanga, ndi kutentha kwamafuta opaka mafuta. Ngati pali zovuta zina zomwe zapezeka, dongosololi liyenera kutumiza mwachangu zizindikiro za alamu, zomwe zimapangitsa oyendetsa ntchito kuti ayang'ane ndikukonza.
Ntchito yokonza imaphatikizapo kufufuza nthawi zonse ngati paipi yothira mafuta ikutuluka, ngati zolumikizira zili zotayirira, ngati pampu yamafuta ikugwira ntchito bwino, ndi zina zotero. Pa nthawi yomweyo, tanki yosungiramo mafuta ya dongosolo lopaka mafuta iyeneranso kutsukidwa nthawi zonse kuti zisasokoneze zonyansa ndi chinyezi.
Kuonetsetsa kuti makina opangira mafuta akuyenda bwino, kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ndi kukonza nthawi zonse ndikofunikira. Pankhani yowunikira, masensa amatha kuyikidwa kuti azindikire magawo monga kuthamanga, kuthamanga, ndi kutentha kwamafuta opaka mafuta. Ngati pali zovuta zina zomwe zapezeka, dongosololi liyenera kutumiza mwachangu zizindikiro za alamu, zomwe zimapangitsa oyendetsa ntchito kuti ayang'ane ndikukonza.
Ntchito yokonza imaphatikizapo kufufuza nthawi zonse ngati paipi yothira mafuta ikutuluka, ngati zolumikizira zili zotayirira, ngati pampu yamafuta ikugwira ntchito bwino, ndi zina zotero. Pa nthawi yomweyo, tanki yosungiramo mafuta ya dongosolo lopaka mafuta iyeneranso kutsukidwa nthawi zonse kuti zisasokoneze zonyansa ndi chinyezi.
V. Makhalidwe a Lubrication System of Vertical Machining Centers
(A) Kuteteza Kwachilengedwe komanso Kupanda Kuipitsa
Makina opaka mafuta opangira makina oyimirira amatengera ukadaulo wapamwamba, kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe madontho kapena nkhungu zomwe zimatulutsidwa panthawi yopaka mafuta, motero kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi malo ozungulira. Mbali imeneyi sikuti imangotsatira malamulo amakono oteteza chilengedwe komanso imapatsa ogwira ntchito malo ogwirira ntchito aukhondo komanso athanzi.
(A) Kuteteza Kwachilengedwe komanso Kupanda Kuipitsa
Makina opaka mafuta opangira makina oyimirira amatengera ukadaulo wapamwamba, kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe madontho kapena nkhungu zomwe zimatulutsidwa panthawi yopaka mafuta, motero kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi malo ozungulira. Mbali imeneyi sikuti imangotsatira malamulo amakono oteteza chilengedwe komanso imapatsa ogwira ntchito malo ogwirira ntchito aukhondo komanso athanzi.
(B) Kupereka Mafuta Olondola
Kupyolera mu luso lamakono komanso luso lapamwamba lowongolera, makina opangira mafuta amatha kupereka mafuta odzola molondola kumalo aliwonse opaka mafuta monga spindle ndi lead screw malinga ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, powonjezera ma valve owongolera, kuwongolera bwino kwa kuchuluka kwamafuta pamalo aliwonse opaka mafuta kumatha kutheka kuti gawo lililonse lilandire mafuta okwanira, potero kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso kulondola kwa zida.
Kupyolera mu luso lamakono komanso luso lapamwamba lowongolera, makina opangira mafuta amatha kupereka mafuta odzola molondola kumalo aliwonse opaka mafuta monga spindle ndi lead screw malinga ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, powonjezera ma valve owongolera, kuwongolera bwino kwa kuchuluka kwamafuta pamalo aliwonse opaka mafuta kumatha kutheka kuti gawo lililonse lilandire mafuta okwanira, potero kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso kulondola kwa zida.
(C) Kuthetsa Vuto la Atomization ya Mafuta Opaka Mafuta Apamwamba-Viscosity
Kwa mafuta ena opaka mafuta okhathamira kwambiri, njira zokometsera zachikhalidwe zimatha kukumana ndi zovuta pakuyika ma atomization. Komabe, makina opangira mafuta opangira ma vertical Machining amathetsa bwino vutoli kudzera m'mapangidwe apadera komanso njira zaukadaulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta opaka mafuta ndikupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito zosankha zingapo.
Kwa mafuta ena opaka mafuta okhathamira kwambiri, njira zokometsera zachikhalidwe zimatha kukumana ndi zovuta pakuyika ma atomization. Komabe, makina opangira mafuta opangira ma vertical Machining amathetsa bwino vutoli kudzera m'mapangidwe apadera komanso njira zaukadaulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta opaka mafuta ndikupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito zosankha zingapo.
(D) Kudziwikiratu ndi Kuwunika
Dongosolo lopaka mafuta lili ndi zida zodziwikiratu komanso zowunikira zomwe zimatha kuyang'anira magawo ofunikira monga momwe akuperekera, kupanikizika, komanso kutentha kwamafuta opaka mafuta munthawi yeniyeni. Zikadziwika kuti mafuta odzola sakhala bwino, makinawo amatumiza chizindikiro cha alamu nthawi yomweyo ndikutseka basi kuti zida zisagwire ntchito molakwika, potero zimateteza zida ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokonza ndi kutayika kwa kupanga.
Dongosolo lopaka mafuta lili ndi zida zodziwikiratu komanso zowunikira zomwe zimatha kuyang'anira magawo ofunikira monga momwe akuperekera, kupanikizika, komanso kutentha kwamafuta opaka mafuta munthawi yeniyeni. Zikadziwika kuti mafuta odzola sakhala bwino, makinawo amatumiza chizindikiro cha alamu nthawi yomweyo ndikutseka basi kuti zida zisagwire ntchito molakwika, potero zimateteza zida ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokonza ndi kutayika kwa kupanga.
(E) Kuzizira kwa Air
Pamene akupereka zodzoladzola ku zipangizo, mpweya wotuluka mu makina opangira mafuta umakhalanso ndi zotsatira zina zoziziritsa mpweya. Makamaka pazitsulo zopota zothamanga kwambiri, zimatha kuchepetsa kutentha kwazitsulo, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa matenthedwe, potero kumawonjezera moyo wautumiki wa spindle ndikuwongolera kulondola kwazitsulo ndi kukhazikika kwa zipangizo.
Pamene akupereka zodzoladzola ku zipangizo, mpweya wotuluka mu makina opangira mafuta umakhalanso ndi zotsatira zina zoziziritsa mpweya. Makamaka pazitsulo zopota zothamanga kwambiri, zimatha kuchepetsa kutentha kwazitsulo, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa matenthedwe, potero kumawonjezera moyo wautumiki wa spindle ndikuwongolera kulondola kwazitsulo ndi kukhazikika kwa zipangizo.
(F) Kusunga Ndalama
Popeza makina opaka mafuta amatha kuwongolera bwino momwe amaperekera mafuta opaka mafuta ndikupewa zinyalala zosafunikira, amatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opaka nthawi yayitali, potero kupulumutsa ndalama.
Popeza makina opaka mafuta amatha kuwongolera bwino momwe amaperekera mafuta opaka mafuta ndikupewa zinyalala zosafunikira, amatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opaka nthawi yayitali, potero kupulumutsa ndalama.
VI. Mapeto
Dongosolo lopaka mafuta m'malo opangira makina oyimirira ndi njira yovuta komanso yofunika kwambiri yomwe imakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito, kulondola, komanso moyo wautumiki wa zida. Pomvetsetsa mozama mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito, mawonekedwe ake, ndi malo okonzera, titha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino maubwino a malo opangira makina osunthika, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, ndikuchepetsa kulephera kwa zida. M'tsogolomu, ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwaukadaulo, akukhulupilira kuti makina opangira mafuta opangira makina osunthika adzakhala anzeru, ogwira ntchito, komanso okonda zachilengedwe, kupereka chithandizo champhamvu pakukula kwamakampani opanga zinthu.
Dongosolo lopaka mafuta m'malo opangira makina oyimirira ndi njira yovuta komanso yofunika kwambiri yomwe imakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito, kulondola, komanso moyo wautumiki wa zida. Pomvetsetsa mozama mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito, mawonekedwe ake, ndi malo okonzera, titha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino maubwino a malo opangira makina osunthika, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, ndikuchepetsa kulephera kwa zida. M'tsogolomu, ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwaukadaulo, akukhulupilira kuti makina opangira mafuta opangira makina osunthika adzakhala anzeru, ogwira ntchito, komanso okonda zachilengedwe, kupereka chithandizo champhamvu pakukula kwamakampani opanga zinthu.