Kodi mukudziwa njira yopatsira spindle ya malo opangira makina ndi?

M'munda wa processing wamakono makina, Machining malo ali ndi udindo wofunika ndi kothandiza ndi yolondola processing mphamvu. Dongosolo lowongolera manambala, monga gawo lowongolera la malo opangira makina, limalamulira njira yonse yopangira zinthu ngati ubongo wamunthu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, spindle ya malo opangira makina ndi ofanana ndi mtima wa munthu ndipo ndiye gwero la mphamvu yaikulu yopangira makina. Kufunika kwake kumadziwikiratu. Chifukwa chake, posankha spindle ya malo opangira makina, munthu ayenera kusamala kwambiri.

Ma spindles a malo opangira makina amatha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi molingana ndi momwe amalumikizirana: masipingo oyendetsedwa ndi giya, masipingo oyendetsedwa ndi malamba, zopota zolumikizana mwachindunji, ndi zopota zamagetsi. Magawo anayi opatsiranawa ali ndi mawonekedwe awoawo komanso kuthamanga kosiyanasiyana kozungulira, ndipo amasewera zabwino zapadera pazosintha zosiyanasiyana.

I. Spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi magiya
Liwiro lozungulira la spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi giya nthawi zambiri imakhala 6000r/min. Chimodzi mwazofunikira zake ndi kukhazikika kwa spindle, komwe kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pamasewera odula kwambiri. Podula kwambiri, spindle iyenera kupirira mphamvu yayikulu yodulira popanda kupindika koonekeratu. Spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi giya imangokwaniritsa izi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma spindle oyendetsedwa ndi giya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makina opota ambiri. Makina ambiri opota nthawi zambiri amafunikira kukonza zogwirira ntchito zingapo nthawi imodzi kapena synchronously kukonza magawo angapo a chinthu chimodzi, zomwe zimafuna kuti spindle ikhale yokhazikika komanso yodalirika. Njira yotumizira magiya imatha kuwonetsetsa kusalala komanso kulondola kwapatsira mphamvu, potero kuwonetsetsa kuti makina azikuluzikulu azikuluzikulu azigwira ntchito bwino komanso amagwirira ntchito bwino.

Komabe, ma spindle oyendetsedwa ndi magiya amakhalanso ndi zofooka zina. Chifukwa cha zovuta zotumizira magiya, ndalama zopangira ndi kukonza ndizokwera kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, magiya amatulutsa phokoso komanso kugwedezeka panthawi yotumizira, zomwe zitha kukhala ndi vuto linalake pakukonza kulondola. Kuonjezera apo, mphamvu yotumizira magiya imakhala yochepa kwambiri ndipo idzawononga mphamvu zina.

II. Spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba
Liwiro lozungulira la spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba ndi 8000r / min. Njira yotumizirayi ili ndi zabwino zingapo. Choyamba, kapangidwe kosavuta ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zake zazikulu. Kutumiza kwa lamba kumapangidwa ndi ma pulleys ndi malamba. Kapangidwe kake ndi kosavuta komanso kosavuta kupanga ndikuyika. Izi sizimangochepetsa ndalama zopangira komanso zimapangitsa kukonza ndi kukonza kukhala kosavuta. Kachiwiri, kupanga kosavuta ndi chimodzi mwazabwino zama spindle zoyendetsedwa ndi lamba. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosavuta, njira yopangira ndi yosavuta kuwongolera, yomwe imatha kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso zogwira mtima. Komanso, ma spindles oyendetsedwa ndi malamba ali ndi mphamvu yotchinga mwamphamvu. Panthawi yokonza, spindle ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana komanso kugwedezeka. Kutanuka kwa lamba kumatha kugwira ntchito yabwino yotchinga ndikuteteza spindle ndi zida zina zopatsira kuti zisawonongeke. Komanso, nsongayo ikadzadzadzadza, lambayo amatsetsereka, zomwe zimateteza bwino nsongayo ndikupewa kuwonongeka chifukwa chochulukirachulukira.

Komabe, ma spindles oyendetsedwa ndi lamba sali angwiro. Lamba lidzawonetsa zochitika zovala ndi kukalamba pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito nthawi yayitali ndipo ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, kulondola kwa kufalikira kwa lamba kumakhala kocheperako ndipo kumatha kukhala ndi vuto linalake pakuwongolera kulondola. Komabe, nthawi zina pomwe zofunikira pakuwongolera sizokwera kwambiri, spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba ikadali yabwino.

III. Direct-ophatikizana spindle
Spindle yolumikizana molunjika imayendetsedwa ndikulumikiza chopondera ndi mota kudzera pakulumikizana. Kapangidwe kameneka kamakhala ndi mawonekedwe a torsion yayikulu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa. Kuthamanga kwake kozungulira kuli pamwamba pa 12000r / min ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opangira makina othamanga kwambiri. Kuthekera kothamanga kwambiri kwa spindle yolumikizidwa mwachindunji kumapereka mwayi waukulu pokonza zida zogwirira ntchito zolondola kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe ovuta. Iwo akhoza mwamsanga kumaliza kudula processing, kusintha processing dzuwa, ndi kuonetsetsa processing khalidwe pa nthawi yomweyo.

Ubwino wa spindle wophatikizana mwachindunji umakhalanso mumayendedwe ake apamwamba. Popeza spindle imalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi mota popanda maulalo ena opatsirana pakati, kutayika kwa mphamvu kumachepetsedwa ndipo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu imakhala bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, kulondola kwa spindle yolumikizidwa mwachindunji ndikokwera kwambiri ndipo kumatha kukumana ndi zochitika zomwe zimafunikira kulondola kwapamwamba.

Komabe, spindle yolumikizidwa mwachindunji ilinso ndi zovuta zina. Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwake kozungulira, zofunikira zamagalimoto ndi zolumikizira ndizokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wa zida. Komanso, spindle yolumikizidwa mwachindunji imatulutsa kutentha kwakukulu panthawi yogwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo imafuna njira yoziziritsira bwino kuti iwonetsetse kugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse kwa spindle.

IV. Nsonga yamagetsi
Spindle yamagetsi imaphatikiza chopondera ndi mota. Injini ndi yozungulira ndipo spindle ndi injini. Ziwirizo zimaphatikizidwa kukhala chimodzi. Kapangidwe kapadera kameneka kamapangitsa kuti tcheni chotumizira magetsi chikhale zero, kumathandizira kwambiri kufalikira komanso kulondola. Kuthamanga kozungulira kwa spindle yamagetsi kuli pakati pa 18000 - 40000r / min. Ngakhale m'mayiko otsogola akunja, ma spindles amagetsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maginito a levitation ndi ma hydrostatic atha kufika pa liwiro la 100000r/min. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kotereku kumapangitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo opangira makina othamanga kwambiri.

Ubwino wa ma spindles amagetsi ndi odziwika kwambiri. Choyamba, chifukwa palibe zigawo zapachikhalidwe zopatsirana, kapangidwe kake kamakhala kocheperako ndipo kamakhala ndi malo ocheperako, omwe amathandizira kuti pakhale kapangidwe kake komanso kamangidwe ka malo opangira makina. Kachiwiri, liwiro la kuyankha kwa spindle yamagetsi ndi lachangu ndipo limatha kufika pamalo othamanga kwambiri pakanthawi kochepa, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito. Kuphatikiza apo, kulondola kwa spindle yamagetsi ndikokwera kwambiri ndipo kumatha kukumana ndi zochitika zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera bwino. Kuonjezera apo, phokoso ndi kugwedezeka kwa spindle yamagetsi ndizochepa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale malo abwino opangira.

Komabe, ma spindle amagetsi amakhalanso ndi zofooka zina. Zofunikira paukadaulo wopanga ma spindle amagetsi ndi okwera ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri. Komanso, kukonza ma spindle amagetsi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Kukanika kuchitika, akatswiri amisiri amafunikira kuti akonze. Kuonjezera apo, spindle yamagetsi idzapanga kutentha kwakukulu panthawi yothamanga kwambiri ndipo imafuna njira yoziziritsira bwino kuti iwonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino.

Pakati pa malo opangira makina ambiri, pali mitundu itatu ya masipingo opatsirana omwe ndi ofala kwambiri, omwe ndi ma spindle oyendetsedwa ndi lamba, zopota zolumikizirana mwachindunji, ndi zopota zamagetsi. Ma spindles oyendetsedwa ndi magiya sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'malo opangira makina, koma amapezeka kwambiri pamalo opangira makina ambiri. Masipingo oyendetsedwa ndi malamba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opangira makina ang'onoang'ono komanso malo akulu opangira makina. Izi ndichifukwa choti spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso mphamvu yotchinga mwamphamvu, ndipo imatha kutengera zosowa zamakina amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zopota zopotana molunjika ndi zopota zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamalo opangira makina othamanga kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti ali ndi mawonekedwe othamanga kwambiri komanso olondola kwambiri, ndipo amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamalo opangira makina othamanga kwambiri pokonza bwino komanso kukonza bwino.

Pomaliza, njira zotumizira ma spindle zapakati pa makina zili ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Posankha, kuganizira mozama kuyenera kuperekedwa molingana ndi zosowa zapadera ndi bajeti. Ngati ntchito yodula kwambiri ikufunika, spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi giya imatha kusankhidwa; ngati zofunikira pakuwongolera sizili zapamwamba kwambiri ndipo mawonekedwe osavuta komanso otsika mtengo amafunidwa, spindle yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba imatha kusankhidwa; ngati ntchito yothamanga kwambiri ikufunika ndipo kulondola kwapamwamba kumafunika, nsonga yolumikizana mwachindunji kapena spindle yamagetsi ingasankhidwe. Pokhapokha posankha kachitidwe koyenera ka spindle kungathe kugwira ntchito bwino pakati pa makina opangira makinawo ndikuwongolera bwino komanso kukonza bwino.