"Malamulo Osamalira Tsiku ndi Tsiku a CNC System of Machining Centers"
Pakupanga kwamakono, malo opangira makina akhala zida zofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha luso lawo lapamwamba komanso luso lokonzekera bwino. Monga pachimake cha malo opangira makina, kukhazikika kwadongosolo la CNC ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti kukonza bwino komanso kupanga bwino. Kuwonetsetsa kuti dongosolo la CNC likugwira ntchito bwino ndikukulitsa moyo wake wautumiki, zotsatirazi ndi malamulo omwe akuyenera kutsatiridwa pakukonza tsiku ndi tsiku kwa dongosolo la CNC monga momwe amatchuka ndi opanga makina apakati.
I. Maphunziro a Ogwira Ntchito ndi Mafotokozedwe Antchito
Zofunikira zophunzitsira akatswiri
Okonza mapulogalamu, oyendetsa ntchito, ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza dongosolo la CNC ayenera kuphunzitsidwa mwapadera ndi kudziwa bwino mfundo ndi machitidwe a CNC, makonzedwe amphamvu a magetsi, makina, ma hydraulic, ndi pneumatic za malo opangira makina omwe akugwiritsa ntchito. Pokhapokha ndi chidziwitso cholimba chaukadaulo ndi luso lomwe dongosolo la CNC lingayendetsedwe ndikusungidwa moyenera komanso moyenera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera komanso moyenera
Gwirani ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la CNC ndi malo opangira makina molondola komanso momveka bwino molingana ndi zofunikira za malo opangira makina ndi bukhu la opareshoni. Pewani zolakwika zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika, monga malangizo olakwika a pulogalamu ndi zoikamo zosayenera zopangira, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la CNC.
Zofunikira zophunzitsira akatswiri
Okonza mapulogalamu, oyendetsa ntchito, ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza dongosolo la CNC ayenera kuphunzitsidwa mwapadera ndi kudziwa bwino mfundo ndi machitidwe a CNC, makonzedwe amphamvu a magetsi, makina, ma hydraulic, ndi pneumatic za malo opangira makina omwe akugwiritsa ntchito. Pokhapokha ndi chidziwitso cholimba chaukadaulo ndi luso lomwe dongosolo la CNC lingayendetsedwe ndikusungidwa moyenera komanso moyenera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera komanso moyenera
Gwirani ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la CNC ndi malo opangira makina molondola komanso momveka bwino molingana ndi zofunikira za malo opangira makina ndi bukhu la opareshoni. Pewani zolakwika zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika, monga malangizo olakwika a pulogalamu ndi zoikamo zosayenera zopangira, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la CNC.
II. Kusamalira Zida Zolowetsa
Kukonzekera kwa owerenga tepi yamapepala
(1) Wowerenga tepi yamapepala ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira zolowera mu dongosolo la CNC. Gawo lowerengera la tepi limakonda kukhala ndi mavuto, zomwe zimatsogolera ku chidziwitso cholakwika chowerengedwa kuchokera pa tepi ya pepala. Choncho, woyendetsa ayenera kuyang'ana mutu wowerengera, pepala la tepi la pepala, ndi mapepala a tepi njira pamwamba tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikupukuta dothi ndi yopyapyala woviikidwa mu mowa kuti atsimikizire kulondola kwa kuwerenga kwa tepi.
(2) Pazigawo zosuntha za tepi yowerengera mapepala, monga shaft wheel shaft, guide roller, ndi compression roller, ziyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse mlungu uliwonse kuti zikhale zoyera komanso kuchepetsa kukangana ndi kutha. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mafuta odzola ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chodzigudubuza chowongolera, chodzigudubuza champhamvu, ndi zina zotero kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino.
Kukonzekera kwa disk reader
Mutu wa maginito mu disk drive wa disk reader uyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndi disk yapadera yoyeretsa kuti zitsimikizire kuwerenga kolondola kwa deta ya disk. Monga njira ina yofunika yolowera, zomwe zasungidwa pa diski ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira makina, kotero wowerenga disk ayenera kusungidwa bwino.
Kukonzekera kwa owerenga tepi yamapepala
(1) Wowerenga tepi yamapepala ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira zolowera mu dongosolo la CNC. Gawo lowerengera la tepi limakonda kukhala ndi mavuto, zomwe zimatsogolera ku chidziwitso cholakwika chowerengedwa kuchokera pa tepi ya pepala. Choncho, woyendetsa ayenera kuyang'ana mutu wowerengera, pepala la tepi la pepala, ndi mapepala a tepi njira pamwamba tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikupukuta dothi ndi yopyapyala woviikidwa mu mowa kuti atsimikizire kulondola kwa kuwerenga kwa tepi.
(2) Pazigawo zosuntha za tepi yowerengera mapepala, monga shaft wheel shaft, guide roller, ndi compression roller, ziyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse mlungu uliwonse kuti zikhale zoyera komanso kuchepetsa kukangana ndi kutha. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mafuta odzola ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chodzigudubuza chowongolera, chodzigudubuza champhamvu, ndi zina zotero kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino.
Kukonzekera kwa disk reader
Mutu wa maginito mu disk drive wa disk reader uyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndi disk yapadera yoyeretsa kuti zitsimikizire kuwerenga kolondola kwa deta ya disk. Monga njira ina yofunika yolowera, zomwe zasungidwa pa diski ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira makina, kotero wowerenga disk ayenera kusungidwa bwino.
III. Kupewa Kutentha kwa CNC Chipangizo
Kuyeretsa mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha kuzimitsa dongosolo
Malo opangira makina amayenera kuyeretsa nthawi zonse mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha kwa chipangizo cha CNC. Mpweya wabwino ndi kutayika kwa kutentha ndiye chinsinsi chowonetsetsa kuti dongosolo la CNC likugwira ntchito mokhazikika. Chifukwa chipangizo cha CNC chimapanga kutentha kwakukulu panthawi yogwira ntchito, ngati kutentha kwa kutentha kuli kosauka, kumayambitsa kutentha kwakukulu kwa dongosolo la CNC ndikusokoneza ntchito yake ndi moyo wautumiki.
(1) Njira yeniyeni yoyeretsera ndi iyi: Choyamba, masulani zomangira ndikuchotsa fyuluta ya mpweya. Kenako, pogwedeza fyulutayo pang'onopang'ono, gwiritsani ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa kuti muchotse fumbi mkati mwa fyuluta ya mpweya kuchokera mkati kupita kunja. Ngati fyulutayo ili yakuda, imatha kutsukidwa ndi detergent yosalowerera (chiŵerengero cha detergent ndi madzi ndi 5:95), koma osachipaka. Mukatsuka, ikani pamalo ozizira kuti muume.
(2) Mafupipafupi oyeretsera ayenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi malo ochitira msonkhano. Nthawi zambiri, iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuyeretsedwa kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kotala. Ngati malo ochitirako msonkhano ndi osauka ndipo pali fumbi lambiri, nthawi yoyeretsa iyenera kuchulukitsidwa moyenera.
Kupititsa patsogolo kutentha kwa chilengedwe
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa chilengedwe kudzasokoneza dongosolo la CNC. Pamene kutentha mkati mwa chipangizo CNC kuposa madigiri 40, si abwino ntchito yachibadwa ya dongosolo CNC. Choncho, ngati kutentha kwa chilengedwe cha chida cha makina a CNC ndipamwamba, mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kuyenera kusinthidwa. Ngati n'kotheka, zipangizo zoziziritsira mpweya ziyenera kuikidwa. Kutentha kwa chilengedwe kumatha kuchepetsedwa poyika zida zopumira mpweya, kuwonjezera mafani oziziritsa, ndi zina zambiri kuti apereke malo abwino ogwirira ntchito a CNC system.
Kuyeretsa mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha kuzimitsa dongosolo
Malo opangira makina amayenera kuyeretsa nthawi zonse mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha kwa chipangizo cha CNC. Mpweya wabwino ndi kutayika kwa kutentha ndiye chinsinsi chowonetsetsa kuti dongosolo la CNC likugwira ntchito mokhazikika. Chifukwa chipangizo cha CNC chimapanga kutentha kwakukulu panthawi yogwira ntchito, ngati kutentha kwa kutentha kuli kosauka, kumayambitsa kutentha kwakukulu kwa dongosolo la CNC ndikusokoneza ntchito yake ndi moyo wautumiki.
(1) Njira yeniyeni yoyeretsera ndi iyi: Choyamba, masulani zomangira ndikuchotsa fyuluta ya mpweya. Kenako, pogwedeza fyulutayo pang'onopang'ono, gwiritsani ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa kuti muchotse fumbi mkati mwa fyuluta ya mpweya kuchokera mkati kupita kunja. Ngati fyulutayo ili yakuda, imatha kutsukidwa ndi detergent yosalowerera (chiŵerengero cha detergent ndi madzi ndi 5:95), koma osachipaka. Mukatsuka, ikani pamalo ozizira kuti muume.
(2) Mafupipafupi oyeretsera ayenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi malo ochitira msonkhano. Nthawi zambiri, iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuyeretsedwa kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kotala. Ngati malo ochitirako msonkhano ndi osauka ndipo pali fumbi lambiri, nthawi yoyeretsa iyenera kuchulukitsidwa moyenera.
Kupititsa patsogolo kutentha kwa chilengedwe
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa chilengedwe kudzasokoneza dongosolo la CNC. Pamene kutentha mkati mwa chipangizo CNC kuposa madigiri 40, si abwino ntchito yachibadwa ya dongosolo CNC. Choncho, ngati kutentha kwa chilengedwe cha chida cha makina a CNC ndipamwamba, mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kuyenera kusinthidwa. Ngati n'kotheka, zipangizo zoziziritsira mpweya ziyenera kuikidwa. Kutentha kwa chilengedwe kumatha kuchepetsedwa poyika zida zopumira mpweya, kuwonjezera mafani oziziritsa, ndi zina zambiri kuti apereke malo abwino ogwirira ntchito a CNC system.
IV. Mfundo Zina Zosamalira
Kuyendera ndi kukonza nthawi zonse
Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zili pamwambazi, dongosolo la CNC liyeneranso kuwunikiridwa mozama ndikusamalidwa pafupipafupi. Onani ngati mizere yolumikizirana ya CNC ndi yotayirira komanso ngati kukhudzana kuli bwino; fufuzani ngati chinsalu chowonetsera cha dongosolo la CNC ndi chomveka komanso ngati chiwonetserocho chiri chachilendo; onani ngati mabatani a gulu lowongolera a dongosolo la CNC ali tcheru. Nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka CNC, kukweza kwa mapulogalamu ndi zosunga zobwezeretsera deta ziyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika ndi chitetezo chadongosolo.
Kupewa kusokoneza kwa electromagnetic
Dongosolo la CNC limakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi kusokoneza kwamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupewe kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma. Mwachitsanzo, sungani makina opangira kutali ndi magwero amphamvu a maginito, gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zotetezedwa, ikani zosefera, ndi zina zotero.
Chitani ntchito yabwino yoyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku
Kusunga malo opangira makina ndi makina a CNC ndi gawo lofunikira pakukonza tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthawi zonse yeretsani madontho amafuta ndi tchipisi pa tebulo logwirira ntchito, njanji zowongolera, zomangira zotsogola ndi mbali zina za malo opangira makina kuti zisalowe mkati mwa dongosolo la CNC ndikusokoneza magwiridwe antchito adongosolo. Nthawi yomweyo, tcherani khutu kusunga gulu lowongolera la dongosolo la CNC ndikupewa zakumwa monga madzi ndi mafuta kuti zisalowe mkati mwa gulu lowongolera.
Kuyendera ndi kukonza nthawi zonse
Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zili pamwambazi, dongosolo la CNC liyeneranso kuwunikiridwa mozama ndikusamalidwa pafupipafupi. Onani ngati mizere yolumikizirana ya CNC ndi yotayirira komanso ngati kukhudzana kuli bwino; fufuzani ngati chinsalu chowonetsera cha dongosolo la CNC ndi chomveka komanso ngati chiwonetserocho chiri chachilendo; onani ngati mabatani a gulu lowongolera a dongosolo la CNC ali tcheru. Nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka CNC, kukweza kwa mapulogalamu ndi zosunga zobwezeretsera deta ziyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika ndi chitetezo chadongosolo.
Kupewa kusokoneza kwa electromagnetic
Dongosolo la CNC limakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi kusokoneza kwamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupewe kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma. Mwachitsanzo, sungani makina opangira kutali ndi magwero amphamvu a maginito, gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zotetezedwa, ikani zosefera, ndi zina zotero.
Chitani ntchito yabwino yoyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku
Kusunga malo opangira makina ndi makina a CNC ndi gawo lofunikira pakukonza tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthawi zonse yeretsani madontho amafuta ndi tchipisi pa tebulo logwirira ntchito, njanji zowongolera, zomangira zotsogola ndi mbali zina za malo opangira makina kuti zisalowe mkati mwa dongosolo la CNC ndikusokoneza magwiridwe antchito adongosolo. Nthawi yomweyo, tcherani khutu kusunga gulu lowongolera la dongosolo la CNC ndikupewa zakumwa monga madzi ndi mafuta kuti zisalowe mkati mwa gulu lowongolera.
Pomaliza, kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku kwa makina a CNC a malo opangira makina ndi ntchito yofunikira komanso yosamala. Ogwira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chaukadaulo ndi luso ndikugwira ntchito motsatira malamulo osamalira. Pokhapokha pogwira ntchito yabwino pakukonza dongosolo la CNC tsiku ndi tsiku ndizotheka kuti ntchito yokhazikika ya malo opangira makinawo itsimikizike, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa zida. Pantchito yeniyeni, dongosolo loyenera lokonzekera liyenera kupangidwa molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili komanso malo ogwiritsira ntchito makinawo ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mozama kuti apereke chithandizo champhamvu pakupanga ndi kuyendetsa mabizinesi.