CNC Milling Machine: Kusankha Kwabwino Kwambiri Pakupanga MwaukadauloZida
Pa siteji ya kupanga zamakono, makina CNC mphero wakhala chida chofunika kwambiri ndi ntchito zake zabwino kwambiri ndi mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane processing luso. Makina opangira mphero a CNC amaphatikiza makina owongolera a digito pamakina wamba amphero ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito zovuta komanso zolondola za mphero motsogozedwa ndi ma code apulogalamu. Kenako, tiyeni tifufuze momwe makina opangira mphero a CNC amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zigawo zake zosiyanasiyana zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zibweretse kupanga koyenera komanso kwapamwamba pantchito yopanga.
Pa siteji ya kupanga zamakono, makina CNC mphero wakhala chida chofunika kwambiri ndi ntchito zake zabwino kwambiri ndi mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane processing luso. Makina opangira mphero a CNC amaphatikiza makina owongolera a digito pamakina wamba amphero ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito zovuta komanso zolondola za mphero motsogozedwa ndi ma code apulogalamu. Kenako, tiyeni tifufuze momwe makina opangira mphero a CNC amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zigawo zake zosiyanasiyana zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zibweretse kupanga koyenera komanso kwapamwamba pantchito yopanga.
I. Mapangidwe ndi Ntchito za CNC Milling Machine
Makina opangira mphero a CNC nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zazikulu monga CNC system, main drive system, feed servo system, ozizira ndi mafuta opaka mafuta, zida zothandizira, ndi zida zoyambira pamakina, ndipo gawo lililonse limagwira ntchito yofunikira.
Makina opangira mphero a CNC nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zazikulu monga CNC system, main drive system, feed servo system, ozizira ndi mafuta opaka mafuta, zida zothandizira, ndi zida zoyambira pamakina, ndipo gawo lililonse limagwira ntchito yofunikira.
CNC System
Dongosolo la CNC ndiye ubongo wapakati pamakina a CNC mphero, omwe ali ndi udindo wogwiritsa ntchito makina a CNC ndikuwongolera ndendende njira zoyendetsera ndi kukonza zida zamakina. Ili ndi ntchito zanzeru kwambiri komanso zodzichitira zokha ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa njira zovuta zosinthira monga ma curve processing ndi magawo atatu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, machitidwe apamwamba a CNC ali ndi ntchito monga kubwezera zolakwika ndi kuwongolera kusintha, kupititsa patsogolo kulondola kwa processing ndi khalidwe lapamwamba.
Dongosolo la CNC ndiye ubongo wapakati pamakina a CNC mphero, omwe ali ndi udindo wogwiritsa ntchito makina a CNC ndikuwongolera ndendende njira zoyendetsera ndi kukonza zida zamakina. Ili ndi ntchito zanzeru kwambiri komanso zodzichitira zokha ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa njira zovuta zosinthira monga ma curve processing ndi magawo atatu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, machitidwe apamwamba a CNC ali ndi ntchito monga kubwezera zolakwika ndi kuwongolera kusintha, kupititsa patsogolo kulondola kwa processing ndi khalidwe lapamwamba.
Main Drive System
Makina oyendetsa kwambiri amaphatikiza bokosi la spindle ndi spindle drive system. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikukakamiza chida ndikuyendetsa chida kuti chizizungulira mwachangu. Kuthamanga kwa liwiro ndi torque ya spindle kumakhudza mwachindunji pakukonza bwino komanso mtundu. Kukwaniritsa zofunika zosiyanasiyana processing, spindle wa CNC mphero makina nthawi zambiri ali variable liwiro ntchito ndipo akhoza kukwaniritsa stepless liwiro lamulo mkati osiyanasiyana kuti agwirizane ndi zofunika processing wa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi zida.
Makina oyendetsa kwambiri amaphatikiza bokosi la spindle ndi spindle drive system. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikukakamiza chida ndikuyendetsa chida kuti chizizungulira mwachangu. Kuthamanga kwa liwiro ndi torque ya spindle kumakhudza mwachindunji pakukonza bwino komanso mtundu. Kukwaniritsa zofunika zosiyanasiyana processing, spindle wa CNC mphero makina nthawi zambiri ali variable liwiro ntchito ndipo akhoza kukwaniritsa stepless liwiro lamulo mkati osiyanasiyana kuti agwirizane ndi zofunika processing wa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi zida.
Feed Servo System
Dongosolo la chakudya cha servo lili ndi injini yamafuta ndi chowongolera chakudya. Imakwaniritsa kayendedwe kachibale pakati pa chida ndi chogwirira ntchito molingana ndi liwiro la chakudya ndi njira yokhazikitsidwa ndi pulogalamuyo. Kuwongolera kolondola kumeneku kumathandizira makina a CNC mphero kupanga makina osiyanasiyana owoneka bwino, kuphatikiza mizere yowongoka, zokhotakhota, ma arcs, ndi zina zambiri. Komanso, dongosolo la chakudya cha servo lili ndi liwiro loyankhira mwachangu komanso molondola kwambiri, zomwe zitha kutsimikizira kukhazikika komanso kusasinthika kwa kukonza.
Dongosolo la chakudya cha servo lili ndi injini yamafuta ndi chowongolera chakudya. Imakwaniritsa kayendedwe kachibale pakati pa chida ndi chogwirira ntchito molingana ndi liwiro la chakudya ndi njira yokhazikitsidwa ndi pulogalamuyo. Kuwongolera kolondola kumeneku kumathandizira makina a CNC mphero kupanga makina osiyanasiyana owoneka bwino, kuphatikiza mizere yowongoka, zokhotakhota, ma arcs, ndi zina zambiri. Komanso, dongosolo la chakudya cha servo lili ndi liwiro loyankhira mwachangu komanso molondola kwambiri, zomwe zitha kutsimikizira kukhazikika komanso kusasinthika kwa kukonza.
Kuzizira ndi Mafuta System
Dongosolo lozizira komanso lopaka mafuta limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukonza. Ikhoza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa chida ndi workpiece, kuchepetsa kukangana ndi kuvala, ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa chida. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuzirala bwino ndi kondomu angathe kusintha processing pamwamba khalidwe ndi kupewa Chip adhesion ndi mapangidwe anamanga m'mphepete.
Dongosolo lozizira komanso lopaka mafuta limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukonza. Ikhoza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa chida ndi workpiece, kuchepetsa kukangana ndi kuvala, ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa chida. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuzirala bwino ndi kondomu angathe kusintha processing pamwamba khalidwe ndi kupewa Chip adhesion ndi mapangidwe anamanga m'mphepete.
Zida Zothandizira
Zida zothandizira zimaphatikizapo ma hydraulic, pneumatic, lubrication, machitidwe ozizira, ndi kuchotsa chip ndi zipangizo zotetezera. Ma hydraulic ndi pneumatic systems amapereka mphamvu pazochitika zina za chida cha makina, monga kugwedeza ndi kumasula. Dongosolo lopaka mafuta limatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse kwa gawo lililonse losuntha la chida cha makina ndikuchepetsa kuvala. Chipangizo chochotsera chip chikhoza kuchotsa mwamsanga tchipisi chomwe chimapangidwa panthawi yokonza kuti chikhale choyera komanso chotetezeka. Chipangizo chotchinjiriza chimateteza wogwiritsa ntchito ku tchipisi ndi zinthu zina zowopsa.
Zida zothandizira zimaphatikizapo ma hydraulic, pneumatic, lubrication, machitidwe ozizira, ndi kuchotsa chip ndi zipangizo zotetezera. Ma hydraulic ndi pneumatic systems amapereka mphamvu pazochitika zina za chida cha makina, monga kugwedeza ndi kumasula. Dongosolo lopaka mafuta limatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse kwa gawo lililonse losuntha la chida cha makina ndikuchepetsa kuvala. Chipangizo chochotsera chip chikhoza kuchotsa mwamsanga tchipisi chomwe chimapangidwa panthawi yokonza kuti chikhale choyera komanso chotetezeka. Chipangizo chotchinjiriza chimateteza wogwiritsa ntchito ku tchipisi ndi zinthu zina zowopsa.
Zida Zoyambira za Makina
Zida zoyambira pazida zamakina nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza maziko, ndime, ndi crossbeam, ndi zina zotero. Zimapanga maziko ndi chimango cha chida chonse cha makina. Kukhazikika ndi kukhazikika kwa zida zoyambira zida zamakina kumakhudza mwachindunji kulondola kwa kukonza ndi magwiridwe antchito amphamvu a chida cha makina. Zida zamakina apamwamba kwambiri zimatha kupirira mphamvu zazikulu zodulira ndi kugwedezeka, kuwonetsetsa kusungidwa kolondola kwa chida cha makina pakagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yayitali.
Zida zoyambira pazida zamakina nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza maziko, ndime, ndi crossbeam, ndi zina zotero. Zimapanga maziko ndi chimango cha chida chonse cha makina. Kukhazikika ndi kukhazikika kwa zida zoyambira zida zamakina kumakhudza mwachindunji kulondola kwa kukonza ndi magwiridwe antchito amphamvu a chida cha makina. Zida zamakina apamwamba kwambiri zimatha kupirira mphamvu zazikulu zodulira ndi kugwedezeka, kuwonetsetsa kusungidwa kolondola kwa chida cha makina pakagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yayitali.
II. Makhalidwe Akuluakulu a Makina Ogaya a CNC
High-Precision Processing
Makina opangira mphero a CNC amatengera makina owongolera digito ndipo amatha kukwaniritsa kulondola kwaukadaulo pamlingo wa micrometer kapena kupitilira apo. Kupyolera mu kuwongolera kolondola kwa malo, kuwongolera liwiro, ndi ntchito zolipirira zida, zolakwa za anthu zitha kuthetsedwa bwino, kuwongolera kulondola komanso kusasinthika. Mwachitsanzo, pamene pokonza mbali mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane monga nkhungu ndi zigawo zakuthambo, ndi CNC mphero makina akhoza kukumana okhwima dimensional ndi geometric kulolerana zofunika.
High-Precision Processing
Makina opangira mphero a CNC amatengera makina owongolera digito ndipo amatha kukwaniritsa kulondola kwaukadaulo pamlingo wa micrometer kapena kupitilira apo. Kupyolera mu kuwongolera kolondola kwa malo, kuwongolera liwiro, ndi ntchito zolipirira zida, zolakwa za anthu zitha kuthetsedwa bwino, kuwongolera kulondola komanso kusasinthika. Mwachitsanzo, pamene pokonza mbali mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane monga nkhungu ndi zigawo zakuthambo, ndi CNC mphero makina akhoza kukumana okhwima dimensional ndi geometric kulolerana zofunika.
Kupanga Mwachangu
Mlingo wa zochita zokha za CNC makina mphero ndi mkulu ndipo akhoza kukwaniritsa processing mosalekeza ndi Mipikisano ndondomeko pawiri processing. Malo angapo amatha kukonzedwa ndi chingwe chimodzi, kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ma clamping ndi nthawi yowonjezera ndikuwongolera kupanga bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa chakudya chofulumira komanso kuthamanga kwa spindle kwa makina a CNC mphero kumaperekanso chitsimikizo champhamvu chakuchita bwino kwambiri.
Mlingo wa zochita zokha za CNC makina mphero ndi mkulu ndipo akhoza kukwaniritsa processing mosalekeza ndi Mipikisano ndondomeko pawiri processing. Malo angapo amatha kukonzedwa ndi chingwe chimodzi, kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ma clamping ndi nthawi yowonjezera ndikuwongolera kupanga bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa chakudya chofulumira komanso kuthamanga kwa spindle kwa makina a CNC mphero kumaperekanso chitsimikizo champhamvu chakuchita bwino kwambiri.
Complex Shape Processing Kutha
Ndi makina apamwamba a CNC ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, makina a CNC mphero amatha kusindikiza mbali zosiyanasiyana zooneka ngati zovuta, monga malo opindika, mabowo osakhazikika, ndi ma groove ozungulira. Kaya popanga nkhungu, kukonza mbali zamagalimoto, kapena kupanga zida zachipatala, makina a CNC mphero amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakukonza magawo owoneka bwino.
Ndi makina apamwamba a CNC ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, makina a CNC mphero amatha kusindikiza mbali zosiyanasiyana zooneka ngati zovuta, monga malo opindika, mabowo osakhazikika, ndi ma groove ozungulira. Kaya popanga nkhungu, kukonza mbali zamagalimoto, kapena kupanga zida zachipatala, makina a CNC mphero amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakukonza magawo owoneka bwino.
Kusinthasintha Kwabwino ndi Kusinthasintha
Makina opangira mphero a CNC amatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe, ndi kukula kwake posintha zida ndikusintha pulogalamu yosinthira. Kusinthasintha kumeneku komanso kusinthasintha kumapatsa makina a CNC mphero mwayi waukulu pakupanga kwamagulu ang'onoang'ono komanso osiyanasiyana ndipo amatha kuyankha mwachangu kusintha kwa msika.
Makina opangira mphero a CNC amatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe, ndi kukula kwake posintha zida ndikusintha pulogalamu yosinthira. Kusinthasintha kumeneku komanso kusinthasintha kumapatsa makina a CNC mphero mwayi waukulu pakupanga kwamagulu ang'onoang'ono komanso osiyanasiyana ndipo amatha kuyankha mwachangu kusintha kwa msika.
Zosavuta Kuzindikira Zopanga Zopanga
Makina opangira mphero a CNC amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zida monga kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa makina ndi maloboti kuti apange mzere wodzipangira okha ndikukwaniritsa zopanga zopanda anthu kapena zopanda anthu. Izi sizimangowonjezera luso la kupanga komanso zimachepetsanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwazinthu.
Makina opangira mphero a CNC amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zida monga kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa makina ndi maloboti kuti apange mzere wodzipangira okha ndikukwaniritsa zopanga zopanda anthu kapena zopanda anthu. Izi sizimangowonjezera luso la kupanga komanso zimachepetsanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwazinthu.
III. Makhalidwe a CNC Milling Machine Inverter
Monga chigawo chofunikira cha dongosolo lake magetsi kulamulira, CNC mphero makina inverter ali ndi makhalidwe zotsatirazi:
Torque Yaikulu Yotsika Kwambiri ndi Kutulutsa Kokhazikika
Ikhoza kupereka torque yokwanira panthawi yogwira ntchito yotsika kwambiri kuti iwonetsetse kukhazikika ndi kukonza khalidwe la chida cha makina panthawi yodula kwambiri.
High-Performance Vector Control
Itha kukwaniritsa kuwongolera bwino kwa mota, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso magwiridwe antchito amoto.
Kuyankha Mwachangu kwa Torque ndi Kulondola Kwambiri Kwambiri
Pa ndondomeko processing, akhoza mwamsanga kuyankha kusintha katundu ndi kusunga bata la galimoto liwiro, potero kuonetsetsa processing kulondola.
Kuthamanga Kwambiri ndi Kuthamanga Kwambiri
Itha kufupikitsa nthawi yoyimitsa chida cha makina ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.
Mphamvu Yamphamvu Yotsutsa Kusokoneza
Itha kugwira ntchito mokhazikika m'malo ovuta kwambiri amagetsi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida zamakina zikuyenda bwino.
Monga chigawo chofunikira cha dongosolo lake magetsi kulamulira, CNC mphero makina inverter ali ndi makhalidwe zotsatirazi:
Torque Yaikulu Yotsika Kwambiri ndi Kutulutsa Kokhazikika
Ikhoza kupereka torque yokwanira panthawi yogwira ntchito yotsika kwambiri kuti iwonetsetse kukhazikika ndi kukonza khalidwe la chida cha makina panthawi yodula kwambiri.
High-Performance Vector Control
Itha kukwaniritsa kuwongolera bwino kwa mota, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso magwiridwe antchito amoto.
Kuyankha Mwachangu kwa Torque ndi Kulondola Kwambiri Kwambiri
Pa ndondomeko processing, akhoza mwamsanga kuyankha kusintha katundu ndi kusunga bata la galimoto liwiro, potero kuonetsetsa processing kulondola.
Kuthamanga Kwambiri ndi Kuthamanga Kwambiri
Itha kufupikitsa nthawi yoyimitsa chida cha makina ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.
Mphamvu Yamphamvu Yotsutsa Kusokoneza
Itha kugwira ntchito mokhazikika m'malo ovuta kwambiri amagetsi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida zamakina zikuyenda bwino.
IV. Zida Zopangira Makina a CNC Milling Machine - Fixture
Chipangizochi ndi chida chofunikira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangirira zida zogwirira ntchito pokonza makina a CNC mphero. Kwa makina opangira mphero a CNC, kusankha kwazomwe ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kutengera kukula kwa batch ya magawo opangidwa.
Pakuti single-chidutswa, yaing'ono-mtanda, ndi nkhungu processing ndi katundu lalikulu, udindo ndi clamping akhoza chingapezeke mwachindunji pa makina chida worktable mwa kusintha, ndiyeno udindo wa gawo anatsimikiza ndi kuika processing ndondomeko dongosolo. Njirayi ndi yosavuta komanso yosinthika kuti igwire ntchito, koma kulondola kwa malo kumakhala kochepa.
Pakukonza magawo okhala ndi kukula kwa batch, zosintha zokhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta zitha kusankhidwa. Zosintha zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe monga kuyika kolondola, kutsekereza kodalirika, ndi ntchito yabwino, zomwe zimatha kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso kulondola.
Chipangizochi ndi chida chofunikira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangirira zida zogwirira ntchito pokonza makina a CNC mphero. Kwa makina opangira mphero a CNC, kusankha kwazomwe ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kutengera kukula kwa batch ya magawo opangidwa.
Pakuti single-chidutswa, yaing'ono-mtanda, ndi nkhungu processing ndi katundu lalikulu, udindo ndi clamping akhoza chingapezeke mwachindunji pa makina chida worktable mwa kusintha, ndiyeno udindo wa gawo anatsimikiza ndi kuika processing ndondomeko dongosolo. Njirayi ndi yosavuta komanso yosinthika kuti igwire ntchito, koma kulondola kwa malo kumakhala kochepa.
Pakukonza magawo okhala ndi kukula kwa batch, zosintha zokhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta zitha kusankhidwa. Zosintha zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe monga kuyika kolondola, kutsekereza kodalirika, ndi ntchito yabwino, zomwe zimatha kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso kulondola.
Pomaliza, makina opangira mphero a CNC, omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri monga kulondola kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri, kuthekera kosintha mawonekedwe, kusinthasintha, kusinthasintha, komanso kuzindikira mosavuta kupanga makina, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zamakono. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza komanso luso laukadaulo, magwiridwe antchito a makina a CNC mphero apitiliza kuwongolera, ndikupereka chithandizo champhamvu pakukula kwamakampani opanga zinthu.